Table 2

Profile of Mood States and Soreness Ratings

Group

T1

T2

T3

Tension

PL

39.7 ± 7.4

38.8 ± 2.1

36.3 ± 2.3

BET

42.5 ± 4.8

39.6 ± 5.6

38.2 ± 6.8

Depression

PL

37.9 ± 2.1

37.8 ± 2.1

37.1 ± 1.0

BET

37.9 ± 1.6

37.5 ± 1.2

37.7 ± 2.2

Anger

PL

38.3 ± 1.8

37.8 ± 2.9

38.2 ± 2.1

BET

38.8 ± 3.1

39.5 ± 3.9

39.8 ± 5.5

Vigor

PL

44.3 ± 11.6

44.2 ± 11.9

40.4 ± 10.8

BET

46.3 ± 6.4

39.4 ± 10.4

37.9 ± 10.1

Fatigue

PL

41.2 ± 5.5

39.3 ± 3.9

30.6 ± 7.0

BET

42.5 ± 6.5

40.4 ± 6.3

41.5 ± 4.2

Confusion

PL

36.0 ± 3.6

33.8 ± 3.6

31.7 ± 2.0

BET

35.6 ± 4.5

35.7 ± 7.2

32.3 ± 2.2

Soreness Ratings

PL

3.9 ± 2.5

4.3 ± 2.2

3.6 ± 2.1

BET

3.7 ± 2.7

2.9 ± 2.2

5.2 ± 2.3

All data are reported as Mean ± SD. PL = Placebo; BET = Betaine

Hoffman et al. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2009 6:7   doi:10.1186/1550-2783-6-7