Table 3

Mean (SD) peak plasma concentration (Crmax, mM), time to peak concentration (Tmax, h), area under the plasma concentration curve (AUC, mM.h), velocity constant of absorption (ka, h-1) and velocity constant of elimination (ke, h-1) following ingestion of isomolar amounts of creatine (4.4 g) in the form of creatine monohydrate (CrM), tri-creatine citrate (CrC), or creatine pyruvate (CrPyr). Means differing significantly are denoted by the letters a to c.


CrM (a)
CrC (b)
CrPyr (c)
ANOVA P value




Mean
SD
Mean
SD
Mean
SD


Crmax
751
32.9
837 c
71.5
968 a
82.3
0.008
Tmax
1.5 c
0.13
1.2
0.1
1.1 a
0.08
0.002
AUC
2384
376.5
2627
506.8
2985
540.6
0.023
ka
1.26
0.214
1.39
0.551
1.31
0.324
NS
kel
0.73
0.344
0.66
0.279
0.72
0.279
NS

Jäger et al. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2007 4:17   doi:10.1186/1550-2783-4-17